Trenched, laid, and backfilled right.

Utility separation distances are governed by Michigan code and individual utility provider standards. General minimums include 12 inches horizontal separation between parallel utilities of different types, 3 feet between sewer and water lines, and specific vertical separations at crossings. Gas lines require additional setback from electric in most jurisdictions. Each utility provider publishes its own required separations from their lines, and those standards override the general minimums when stricter. Verification with the specific provider before trenching is standard practice and prevents expensive rework when inspections catch violations.

Right-of-way permits are required whenever trenching crosses or occupies public property, which includes most connections from private property to municipal utilities. Detroit issues ROW permits through BSEED. Suburban municipalities handle their own ROW permitting. Permits typically require a traffic control plan if roadway is affected, restoration bond, and coordination with municipal inspectors. Private-property-only trenching that doesn't cross sidewalks, curbs, or streets generally doesn't need ROW permits but may still require building or mechanical permits depending on the utility type and jurisdiction.

Utility installations that tie into provider networks require approval from the specific provider before trenching begins. DTE Energy handles electric and gas tie-ins across most of Metro Detroit. Local water authorities handle water and sewer tie-ins. Communications providers including AT&T, Comcast, and fiber carriers each have their own approval processes. Provider approval typically includes line routing review, material specifications, meter or connection point placement, and inspection coordination. Approval timelines range from 1 to 4 weeks depending on the provider and complexity, which needs to factor into the overall project schedule.

Trench sharing is permitted between compatible utilities when separation distances are maintained vertically or horizontally within the trench. Communications cables and electric service can often share trenches with proper separation. Water and gas can sometimes share trenches. Sanitary sewer is typically kept in its own trench due to separation requirements and pipe bedding differences. Trench sharing requires coordination between all utility providers involved and often requires joint inspection. When feasible, shared trenches reduce total excavation cost and surface disturbance significantly.

Damage prevention starts with a valid MISS DIG utility locate completed 72 hours before any digging. Marks are honored per Michigan's statewide one-call requirements. When damage does occur despite compliance, the contractor contacts the utility provider immediately for emergency response, stops all work in the affected area, and coordinates repairs. Contractors who hit unmarked utilities generally aren't liable if MISS DIG was properly called and marks were missed or incorrect. Contractors who dig without current MISS DIG marks are liable for repair costs and may face state penalties. Liora Works documents MISS DIG compliance on every excavation.

Utility trenching runs year-round in Metro Detroit with adjustments for weather conditions. Frozen ground in January and February slows production and increases equipment wear, especially in the first 24 inches of depth. Saturated soil from spring rain or thaw cycles can require dewatering and cave-in protection that wouldn't be needed in drier conditions. Installation of gas, electric, and communications cable can proceed in most weather once the trench is open, but concrete work at manholes or pull boxes typically pauses below 40 degrees. Emergency utility work is handled year-round regardless of conditions.